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Custom Crops

intermediate
scripting
Custom Crops

FORMAT & MIN ENGINE VERSION 1.21.40

This tutorial assumes a good understanding of blocks and scripting. Check out the blocks guide, block states and block events before starting.

If you aren't a fan of carrots - that's fine. You can make your own (far superior) crop!

Making crops is not as difficult as you may think, it just takes a little practice and forethought in coding a specific series of events. This page will guide you through the process of creating a unique crop block as well as its seed and food items.

Issues:

Crop Model ​

If you look at crops like carrots and potatoes in-game, you will see that they are made up of 4 planes that are situated 4 pixels from each edge, as shown in the screenshot below. The visible faces point inwards in order to prevent shadows on the crop when surrounded by other blocks.

It is noteworthy to mention that each plane sits 1 pixel down, unlike traditional blocks. If you forget to lower the planes down by one, then the crops will appear to grow one pixel higher then the top of farmland which has a shorter model.

By lowering the position down a pixel, it will sit above farmland perfectly making everything right in our blocky world. Here is a template model for the crop.

Download Custom Crop Geometry

Initial Block JSON ​

To start with, we want our crops to have 8 stages of growth like vanilla crops, so the block should include a state with 8 values.

This code example also includes the base components of our crop which will be active in every permutation.

BP/blocks/custom_crop.json
json
{
    "format_version": "1.21.40",
    "minecraft:block": {
        "description": {
            "identifier": "wiki:custom_crop",
            "menu_category": {
                "category": "none" // Hide from creative inventory - seeds should be used to place.
            },
            "states": {
                "wiki:growth": {
                    "values": { "min": 0, "max": 7 }
                }
            }
        },
        "components": {
            "minecraft:collision_box": false,
            "minecraft:geometry": "geometry.crop", // Model provided in previous step.
            "minecraft:light_dampening": 0,
            // Break the crop if it isn't placed on farmland.
            "minecraft:placement_filter": {
                "conditions": [
                    {
                        "allowed_faces": ["up"],
                        "block_filter": ["minecraft:farmland"]
                    }
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}

Custom Growth Component ​

The events below do three important functions to make your crop work:

  • The onRandomTick event hook is used to increment the wiki:growth state at a random interval.
  • The onPlayerInteract event hook is for bone meal support, adding a random value to wiki:growth in survival mode or fully growing the crop in creative mode.
BP/scripts/custom_crop.js
js
import { EquipmentSlot, GameMode, world } from "@minecraft/server";

/**
 * @param {number} min The minimum integer
 * @param {number} max The maximum integer
 * @returns {number} A random integer between the `min` and `max` parameters (inclusive)
 */
const randomInt = (min, max) => Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;

const maxGrowth = 7;

/** @type {import("@minecraft/server").BlockCustomComponent} */
const CustomCropGrowthBlockComponent = {
    onRandomTick({ block }) {
        const growthChance = 1 / 3;
        if (Math.random() > growthChance) return;

        const growth = block.permutation.getState("wiki:growth");
        block.setPermutation(block.permutation.withState("wiki:growth", growth + 1));
    },
    onPlayerInteract({ block, dimension, player }) {
        if (!player) return;

        const equippable = player.getComponent("minecraft:equippable");
        if (!equippable) return;

        const mainhand = equippable.getEquipmentSlot(EquipmentSlot.Mainhand);
        if (!mainhand.hasItem() || mainhand.typeId !== "minecraft:bone_meal") return;

        if (player.getGameMode() === GameMode.creative) {
            // Grow crop fully
            block.setPermutation(block.permutation.withState("wiki:growth", 7));
        } else {
            let growth = block.permutation.getState("wiki:growth");

            // Add random amount of growth
            growth += randomInt(1, maxGrowth - growth);
            block.setPermutation(block.permutation.withState("wiki:growth", growth));

            // Decrement stack
            if (mainhand.amount > 1) mainhand.amount--;
            else mainhand.setItem(undefined);
        }

        // Play effects
        const effectLocation = block.center();
        dimension.playSound("item.bone_meal.use", effectLocation);
        dimension.spawnParticle("minecraft:crop_growth_emitter", effectLocation);
    },
};

world.beforeEvents.worldInitialize.subscribe(({ blockComponentRegistry }) => {
    blockComponentRegistry.registerCustomComponent(
        "wiki:custom_crop_growth",
        CustomCropGrowthBlockComponent
    );
});

Growth Permutations ​

So we know how to set our block states, what happens when our block is on a particular state value?

The permutations below set a certain selection box, loot table and texture to the block based its wiki:growth value.

For example, if wiki:growth is 7, the texture is set to custom_crop_3 and the crop is able to drop food.

minecraft:block
json
"permutations": [
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') < 7",
        "components": {
            // Loot table for when the crop is not fully grown. Vanilla crops only drop seeds when young.
            "minecraft:loot": "loot_tables/blocks/custom_crop_young.json",
            // Trigger growth on random ticks and when interacting with bone meal (only active when the block isn't fully grown).
            "minecraft:custom_components": ["wiki:custom_crop_growth"]
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') >= 0",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:material_instances": {
                "*": {
                    "texture": "custom_crop_0",
                    "render_method": "alpha_test",
                    "ambient_occlusion": false,
                    "face_dimming": false
                }
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 0",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:selection_box": {
                "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                "size": [16, 1.6, 16]
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 1",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:selection_box": {
                "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                "size": [16, 3.2, 16]
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') >= 2",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:material_instances": {
                "*": {
                    "texture": "custom_crop_1",
                    "render_method": "alpha_test",
                    "ambient_occlusion": false,
                    "face_dimming": false
                }
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 2",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:selection_box": {
                "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                "size": [16, 4.8, 16]
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 3",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:selection_box": {
                "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                "size": [16, 6.4, 16]
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') >= 4",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:material_instances": {
                "*": {
                    "texture": "custom_crop_2",
                    "render_method": "alpha_test",
                    "ambient_occlusion": false,
                    "face_dimming": false
                }
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 4",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:selection_box": {
                "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                "size": [16, 8, 16]
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 5",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:selection_box": {
                "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                "size": [16, 9.6, 16]
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 6",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:selection_box": {
                "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                "size": [16, 11.2, 16]
            }
        }
    },
    {
        "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 7",
        "components": {
            "minecraft:material_instances": {
                "*": {
                    "texture": "custom_crop_3",
                    "render_method": "alpha_test",
                    "ambient_occlusion": false,
                    "face_dimming": false
                }
            },
            "minecraft:selection_box": {
                "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                "size": [16, 12.8, 16]
            },
            // Drop different loot when fully grown
            "minecraft:loot": "loot_tables/blocks/custom_crop_mature.json"
        }
    }
]

You can add more permutations depending on how many stages you want your crop to have. But don't forget to also change the state's max value and the script's maxGrowth value.

Final Block JSON ​

Here is the entire wiki:custom_crop file for reference.

Custom Crop Block JSON
BP/blocks/custom_crop.json
json
{
    "format_version": "1.21.40",
    "minecraft:block": {
        "description": {
            "identifier": "wiki:custom_crop",
            "menu_category": {
                "category": "none" // Hide from creative inventory - seeds should be used to place.
            },
            "states": {
                "wiki:growth": {
                    "values": { "min": 0, "max": 7 }
                }
            }
        },
        "components": {
            "minecraft:flammable": true,
            "minecraft:collision_box": false,
            "minecraft:geometry": "geometry.crop",
            "minecraft:light_dampening": 0,
            // Break the crop if it isn't placed on farmland.
            "minecraft:placement_filter": {
                "conditions": [
                    {
                        "allowed_faces": ["up"],
                        "block_filter": ["minecraft:farmland"]
                    }
                ]
            }
        },
        "permutations": [
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') < 7",
                "components": {
                    // Loot table for when the crop is not fully grown. Vanilla crops only drop seeds when young.
                    "minecraft:loot": "loot_tables/blocks/custom_crop_young.json",
                    // Trigger growth on random ticks and when interacting with bone meal (only active when the block isn't fully grown).
                    "minecraft:custom_components": ["wiki:custom_crop_growth"]
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') >= 0",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:material_instances": {
                        "*": {
                            "texture": "custom_crop_0",
                            "render_method": "alpha_test",
                            "ambient_occlusion": false,
                            "face_dimming": false
                        }
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 0",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:selection_box": {
                        "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                        "size": [16, 1.6, 16]
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 1",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:selection_box": {
                        "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                        "size": [16, 3.2, 16]
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 6",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:selection_box": {
                        "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                        "size": [16, 11.2, 16]
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') >= 2",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:material_instances": {
                        "*": {
                            "texture": "custom_crop_1",
                            "render_method": "alpha_test",
                            "ambient_occlusion": false,
                            "face_dimming": false
                        }
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 2",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:selection_box": {
                        "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                        "size": [16, 4.8, 16]
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 3",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:selection_box": {
                        "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                        "size": [16, 6.4, 16]
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') >= 4",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:material_instances": {
                        "*": {
                            "texture": "custom_crop_2",
                            "render_method": "alpha_test",
                            "ambient_occlusion": false,
                            "face_dimming": false
                        }
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 4",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:selection_box": {
                        "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                        "size": [16, 8, 16]
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 5",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:selection_box": {
                        "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                        "size": [16, 9.6, 16]
                    }
                }
            },
            {
                "condition": "q.block_state('wiki:growth') == 7",
                "components": {
                    "minecraft:material_instances": {
                        "*": {
                            "texture": "custom_crop_3",
                            "render_method": "alpha_test",
                            "ambient_occlusion": false,
                            "face_dimming": false
                        }
                    },
                    "minecraft:selection_box": {
                        "origin": [-8, 0, -8],
                        "size": [16, 12.8, 16]
                    },
                    // Drop different loot when fully grown
                    "minecraft:loot": "loot_tables/blocks/custom_crop_mature.json"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

Crop Loot ​

Below are some example loot tables that your custom crop could use:

Young Crop Loot Table ​

BP/loot_tables/blocks/custom_crop_young.json
json
{
    "pools": [
        {
            "rolls": 1,
            "entries": [
                {
                    "type": "item",
                    "name": "wiki:custom_seeds"
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

Mature Crop Loot Table ​

BP/loot_tables/blocks/custom_crop_mature.json
json
{
    "pools": [
        {
            "rolls": 1,
            "entries": [
                {
                    "type": "item",
                    "name": "wiki:custom_food",
                    "functions": [
                        {
                            "function": "set_count",
                            "count": { "min": 2, "max": 5 }
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "rolls": 1,
            "entries": [
                {
                    "type": "item",
                    "name": "wiki:custom_seeds",
                    "functions": [
                        {
                            "function": "set_count",
                            "count": { "min": 0, "max": 3 }
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

Custom Seeds ​

Holding a crop block in your hand wouldn't look right, so we place the crop with seeds! Below is the JSON for a custom item that places your crop.

BP/items/custom_seeds.json
json
{
    "format_version": "1.21.40",
    "minecraft:item": {
        "description": {
            "identifier": "wiki:custom_seeds", // Make sure this is different from your crop's ID.
            "menu_category": {
                "category": "nature",
                "group": "itemGroup.name.seed"
            }
        },
        "components": {
            "minecraft:icon": "custom_seeds",
            "minecraft:block_placer": {
                "block": "wiki:custom_crop" // The block this item is placing.
            }
        }
    }
}

Custom Food ​

Your crop can't only drop seeds! Create a custom food using the template below.

BP/items/custom_food.json
json
{
    "format_version": "1.21.40",
    "minecraft:item": {
        "description": {
            "identifier": "wiki:custom_food", // Make sure this is different from your crop and seeds' ID.
            "menu_category": {
                "category": "nature",
                "group": "itemGroup.name.crop"
            }
        },
        "components": {
            "minecraft:icon": "custom_food",
            "minecraft:food": {
                "nutrition": 4,
                "saturation_modifier": 0.6
            },
            "minecraft:use_animation": "eat",
            "minecraft:use_modifiers": {
                "use_duration": 1.6,
                "movement_modifier": 0.33
            }
        }
    }
}

Result ​

Your pack should now contain the following files:

      • 📝custom_crop.json
      • 📝custom_food.json
      • 📝custom_seeds.json
        • 📝custom_crop_mature.json
        • 📝custom_crop_young.json

With the help of this tutorial/template, you now have the knowledge and skills to create your own custom crop, as well as its seed and food items.

Download Example Pack ​

If you require further assistance or would like to access the complete template files, please use the download button provided below. Happy designing!

Download MCADDON
Edit Custom Crops on GitHub